perm filename FORCAL.JPL[1,VDS] blob sn#255254 filedate 1976-12-23 generic text, type C, neo UTF8
COMMENT ⊗   VALID 00005 PAGES
C REC  PAGE   DESCRIPTION
C00001 00001
C00002 00002			JPL FORCE BALANCE - FOR SEA MANIPULATOR
C00006 00003			ELECTRICAL DETAILS
C00008 00004	CALIBRATION MATRIX: CURRENT TIME AND DATE: 09:16  23DEC76
C00011 00005	CALIBRATION DATA FOR JPL FORCE WRIST - SEA MANIPULATOR
C00018 ENDMK
C⊗;
		JPL FORCE BALANCE - FOR SEA MANIPULATOR


USEFUL INFORMATION

Load range.

Direction		force (lb)		Torque  (in-lbs)

   X			  10			   40
   Y			  10			   40
   Z			  15			   50


Construction Details

	The  force   sensing  element   is   a  single   aluminum   piece,
characterized by four square beams cantelevered from a central hub  simply
supported at their  outer end.  All  forces and torques  are supported  by
beam bending.  Tensile and compressive strains are less than 3% of bending
strain at the gages.  Torsional strain is less than 10% of bending strain.

	Eight pairs of semiconductor strain gages are mounted on the sides
of these beams near the built in ends.  These matched pairs of gages  have
gage factors of about 120.  All gage  leads are brought out to a  terminal
board where they  are paired  and power  supply leads  are commoned.   The
gages are powered with a +- 2.0 vdc supply.  Ten wires are required- + 2.0
vdc, - 2.0 vdc, and the 8 signal leads.

	The force balance has been  designed to that maximum strains  will
be about 1500 microinches per  inch.  Thus with a  gage factor of 120  the
output will be about +- .36 volts.

	 
	For use  with  an A/D  having  a  voltage range  of  +-10vdc,  the
amplifiers required by JPL  should be set  to have a  uniform gain of  20.
This gives a typical output  of +- 7.2 vdc.  As  the peak strains are  not
uniform, this peak output varies from +- 3.0 vdc to +- 10 vdc depending on
axis.

	Overload protection is  provided by  a plate  mounted between  the
force beams and the wrist. This plate has a small gap in it and four pins.
The gap sets  Z-force and  X and  Y moment limits,  while the  pins set  Z
moment and X and Y force limits.

	The calibration matrix has been  derived by putting test loads  on
the force sensor.  A test beam in lieu ofthe hand was in place while  this
was done.  All  measurements were made  on a relative  basis.  This  means
that the  unloaded  output  was  recorded,  and  then  the  loaded  output
recorded.  The differences were  used in the  matrix solution.  All  units
are in pounds and inch-pounds.  As the amplifiers were not zeroed for each
bridge, unloaded  offsets  exist.  All  measurements  must be  made  on  a
relative basis.  It  is suggested that  each operation be  started with  a
base measurement.

		ELECTRICAL DETAILS


SIGNALS

GAGE PAIR	LEAD COLOR	CHANNEL #

A1		BLACK		0	
A2		BROWN		1	
B1		RED		2	
B2		ORANGE		3	
C1		YELLOW		4	
C2		GREEN		5	
D1		BLUE		6	
D2		GREY		7	

+Vgg		PURPLE
-Vgg		WHITE

 Hand End (P,C,Board End)
--------------------------
|                        |
---         1b         ---
  |        ---         |
  |    2c |   | 2d     |           SIDE VIEW OF FLEXURE UNIT 
  |       |   |        |		END VIEW OF A BEAM
---        ---         ---
|           1a           |
--------------------------
         Wrist End

All gages are paired.  Thus gage pair A1  consistes of the two  gages 1a and 1b on beam A.

				   ---       ---
Gages are wired this way.  +2.0---| a |--.--| b |--- -2.0
                                   ---   |   ---
					 1

Principal gage pairs are:  Note: Gage pairs C1,C2,D1,D2 are wired with supply 
voltages opposite of gage pairs A1,A2,B1,B2.

Force 		Principal gages and Sign of signal change for positive force or moment.

+X		A2(+),C2(+)
+Y		B2(-),D2(-)  (between fingers)
+Z		A1(+),B1(+),C1(-),D1(-) (+ force towards hand)

Moment about axis

+MX		A1(-),C1(-)
+MY		B1(+),D1(+)
+MZ		A2(-),B2(-),C2(+),D2(+) 

CALIBRATION MATRIX: CURRENT TIME AND DATE: 09:16  23DEC76

FORCES GIVEN IN LBS. AND MOMENTS IN UNITS OF INCH-LBS.

ROW 1:
   .6369894@-2      .4467295@-1     -.7870717@-2     -.3333210@-1   
  -.7967604@-2     -.7507269@-2      .8025011@-2      .2060462@-1   

ROW 2:
  -.4418469        -.1673075@1       .4409424         .2189730@1    
   .5816041         .1695400@1      -.4391428        -.1325223@1    

ROW 3:
  -.8846736@-2     -.4908565@-2     -.7481990@-2      .3844385@-2   
   .9190580@-2      .1695488@-2      .6405012@-2     -.2578483@-2   

ROW 4:
  -.3192394@1      -.1215341@2       .3201317@1       .1589894@2    
   .4240662@1       .1231573@2      -.3188098@1      -.9614570@1    

ROW 5:
  -.6562473@-2     -.2126321@-1      .1480549@-1      .3206922@-1   
   .8918669@-2      .2798223@-1      .2719153@-2     -.1925375@-1   

ROW 6:
   .4865433@-2      .1005591@-1     -.5077997@-2     -.3089022@-1   
  -.6104943@-2     -.1064676@-1      .4661855@-2      .2290803@-1   


THE FOLLOWING MATRIX EQUATION TOGETHER WITH THE CALIBRATION MATRIX
GIVEN ABOVE CAN BE USED TO RESOLVE THE FORCES AND MOMENTS:


		F ← M * ε

	where
				       T
		F = (FX,FY,FZ,MX,MY,MZ)
		  =  force/moment vector

		M = calibration matrix shown above

					     T
		ε = (ε1,ε2,ε3,ε4,ε5,ε6,ε7,ε8) 
		  = difference in strain gage readings
CALIBRATION DATA FOR JPL FORCE WRIST - SEA MANIPULATOR

FORCE/MOMENT IS 0,-2.2,0,-16.06,0,0
CURRENT TIME AND DATE: 08:45  23DEC76
Strain Gage Readings: Mean, Corrected Mean, Standard Dev.
  5070.00  4120.00  4092.00  3991.00  5085.00  3980.20  4008.00  4228.00
    -2.10      .00     2.00      .00    -2.00    -1.80     2.40    -1.00
      .00      .00      .00      .47      .67      .00      .00      .00


FORCE/MOMENT IS 0,-4.4,0,-10.12,0,0
CURRENT TIME AND DATE: 08:52  23DEC76
Strain Gage Readings: Mean, Corrected Mean, Standard Dev.
  4721.90  4108.00  4093.00  4059.10  4731.40  4013.00  4006.00  4284.00
   635.90    27.00    -1.00    94.10   636.40   -53.00    -7.00   126.10
      .00      .00      .47      .47      .67      .47      .00      .00


FORCE/MOMENT IS -2.2,0,0,0,16.06,0
CURRENT TIME AND DATE: 08:55  23DEC76
Strain Gage Readings: Mean, Corrected Mean, Standard Dev.
  4004.00  3977.10  5055.00  3954.00  4095.00  4019.00  4996.00  4141.00
   -36.00   -76.90   913.00   -11.00    11.00   -54.00   967.00    10.00
      .00      .47      .67      .00      .47      .47      .00      .47


FORCE/MOMENT IS -4.4,0,0,0,10.12,0
CURRENT TIME AND DATE: 09:02  23DEC76
Strain Gage Readings: Mean, Corrected Mean, Standard Dev.
  4024.00  3926.00  4755.00  3957.00  4085.00  3958.00  4659.00  4136.00
   -15.00  -128.00   613.10    -7.00     2.00  -114.00   630.90     5.00
      .00      .00      .67      .47      .47      .00      .67      .00


FORCE/MOMENT IS 0,0,4.4,0,0,0
CURRENT TIME AND DATE: 09:06  23DEC76
Strain Gage Readings: Mean, Corrected Mean, Standard Dev.
  3880.10  4068.00  3954.00  3947.00  4217.70  4056.00  4140.00  4137.00
  -149.90   -10.00  -141.00    -7.00   127.70   -17.00   131.00    -5.00
      .47      .00      .00      .47      .67      .00      .00      .47


FORCE/MOMENT IS 0,-4.4,0,-6.6,0,18.70
CURRENT TIME AND DATE: 09:14  23DEC76
Strain Gage Readings: Mean, Corrected Mean, Standard Dev.
  4486.00  3507.00  4095.00  3490.00  4479.00  4635.00  3998.00  4873.00
   405.00  -573.00     2.30  -474.00   389.00   571.00   -14.00   715.00
      .00      .00      .47      .00      .67      .67      .00      .67


FORCE/MOMENT IS 0,0,0,0,0,0
CURRENT TIME AND DATE: 09:18  23DEC76
Strain Gage Readings: Mean, Corrected Mean, Standard Dev.
  4080.00  4078.00  4091.00  3962.20  4088.80  4063.00  4010.00  4156.40
    -1.00    -2.00    -1.70    -1.80    -1.20    -1.00    -2.00    -1.60
      .00      .00      .47      .47      .82      .47      .00      .47